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Wisdom teeth usually develop and later erupt when enough room for normal position is in the back corners of the mouth upper and lower jaw between the ages of late teens or twenties.
Wisdom teeth extraction surgery can be for problems such as: non-restorable decay, an adjacent decay in back of the tooth in front of it, an impaction that is either completely or partially embedded in the jaw bone, a malposition or crowding of teeth and a relapse of orthodontic treatment by the force of mesial eruption. The wisdom tooth malposition or lack of space may involve swelling from inflammation and infection, cyst formation, bone resorption, periodontal disease, systemic or cardiac problems and can make its extraction removal  difficult because of roots entanglement with the jaw nerve. The bruising or trauma to the jaw nerve during extraction can cause numbness to that side of the tongue and lip.
Wisdom teeth should be removed when recommended by the dentist and for preventive measures.